Hook and eye.



0 B. PATTERSON.

HOOK AND EYE.

APPLICATION rum) MAR. 12, 1907.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

wvowto z PWJO/Z r- M abbomww CLARA B. PATTERSON, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA.

HOOK AND EYE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

Application filed March 12, 1907. Serial No. 361,950.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CLARA B. PATTER- SON, ofPhiladelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and'usefiil Improvements in Hooks and Eyes,whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to" theaccompanying drawings. "My invention relates to garment 'fasteners ofthe type known as hook and eye; formed by bending wire.

One ob'ject of myinvention is to produce a hook and eye which cannotbecome disengaged' by relative'mbvement so long as the line joiningthose portions of the loop of the eye which engage the bill is substantially at right'angles to the longitudinal axis ofthihook. Or, in other'words, the hook andeye cannot be disengaged when moved relatively toone 'another in the line along" which normal motion of the fastenedparts odours.

. Hooks and eyes made according to my invention are" distinguishedfromrrhooks and eyes as heretofore constructed'with a means forpositively locking the eye against disengagement "from" the hook. Thesehave. had a tongueorprojection' which must be made toyield or else someportion of the hook or eyemust be made of resilient material to allowoneme nber to spring past the other in order to disengage'them. My hookand eye are'not made of resilient material and cannot be "separated byspringing onepart to allow another to pass, by using such ade gree offorc as is reasonable with aldevic'e'of thi'skind; but upon tilting themrelative to one another in the proper manner; they'may be readilyseparated without springing or distorting either of the memb'e'rs,or'moving aside" anytongue or projection.

A further object is to provide improved forms of" anchorage loops.'Heretofore it has commonly been the practice to sew hooks and eyes'to agarment at three or more places to prevent them from tilting. Asa resultof my improved forms of an chorage loops it is necessary to secure thehook orthe eye'atonly two places, thus saving much time andannoyance inaddition' to the production of a much neater appearing garment. 1

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated two differing forms" ofhooks and eyes, embodying my'invention, and constituting illustrativetypes in"connect ion with which I will describe the same.

Figure I, is a plan view showing one form of hook and eye embodying myinvention in engaged position. Fig. 11, is" a section takenon the lineII, II, in Fig. I. Fig. III, is a perspective view showing the relativeposition taken by the hook and eye when they may be disengaged. Figf IV,isa view similar to FigPI', illustrating a modified form of hook andeye. Fig. V is a sectional "View on the line V V of Fig.1V. 7 Referringto Fig. I, it will be seen that the "form of hook; therein shown "isdesighated by the numeral 1, and the eye bythc numeral 10. The hook 1,is constructedof a single strand of wire bent centrally in the shape ofa loop to form a bill 'or tongue 2. The'outer end of this'loop 'is'bentupward slightly as 'shoWn' in Fig. H1 The portions of 'thefwire formingthis loop are bent together at the inner end of the loop, then upwardly,downwardly, and 'outwardly, to form an abutment forthe loop 11', of theeye 10. The ends of the Wire are then diverged and bent toformthe'anchorage loops 4, 4. These loops are provided with straight sides5, 5, over which the securing means are passed, whereby the hook isfastened'to a garment or other support. It will be noted'that.'by'providing these anchorage loops with the straight diverging sides "5,and securing the hook at these points, it is prevented from tilting,and-the necessity of fastening it at 'niore'than" two points is therebyobviatedfi As will be seen by'reference' to Fig. II; the 1vertical-distance "between the 'lower' surface of the middle of the loop2, and the plane of the upper surface of the loops 4, 41, is less thanthe diameter of the wire of which the eye 10, is formed. The eye 10, isformed of a single strand of wire, bent into the shape of a loop 11, andhaving the ends thereof crossed as shown in Fig. I, and the ends of thewire are then bent to form the anchorage loops 12. The sides 13, ofthese anchorage loops 12, are formed straight and the securing means bywhich the eye is fastened to a garment or other support, are passed overthese straight portions. As a result of thus shaping these anchorageloops it is found that two places of attachment are sufiicient tosecurely hold the eye in position and keep it from tilting. The middleof the loop 11, is bent upwardly as shown in Fig. II. v The hook 1, andeye 10, cannot be disengaged when moved relatively to one another, inthe line along which normal motion of the fastened parts occurs, or inother words, so as to bring the full eflective width of the loop 11,into play. If, however, they are tilted sidewise, as shown in Fig. III,and then moved relatively to one another they may be disengaged. Theexplanation of this is as follows: When the hook and eye are in theposition shown in Fig. I, that is, when the effective width of the loop11, is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the hook I, and it isattempted to disengage them by longitudinal movement, the underside ofthe loop 11, at the points 14, and 15, strikes against the adjacentouter surface of the loops 4, 4, at the points 7, 8; while the upperside of the loop 11, at the points 14, 15 strikes against the under sideof the bill 2, thus preventin the disengagement of the hook and eye. Ihowever, the eye is tilted sidewise as shown in Fig. III, the resultwill be, in effect, to foreshorten the effective width of the loop 11,and the points 14, 15, can pass by the inner sides 6, 6, of the loops 4,4, and the end 16, of the loop 11, is lowered as it passes along thebill 2. Furthermore, it will also be noted that if the longitudinal axesof the hook and eye are maintained in the same plane, the hook and eyecannot be disengaged by their relative movement.

Referring to Fig. IV, it will be noted that the hook 20, is formed witha bill or tongue 21, similar to the hill 2, shown in Fig. I. Afterforming the bill 21, and bending the wire at the inner end thereof inthe manner described in connection with the bill 2, the ends are formedinto the straight diverging sides 23, then bent back upon themselves,forming the straight sides 24, parallel to the sides 23, and then curvedto form the rounded ends 25, of the anchorage loops 22. The purpose ofthe straight sides 23, is similar to that of the straight sides 5, ofthe anchorage loops 4, explained above. The eye 30, is also formed of asingle strand of wire bent into the shape of a loop 31, and having itsends crossed as shown in Fig. IV. The ends of the wire are then bent toform the anchorage loops 33, 34; these anchorage loops being providedwith diagonally disposed straight sides 35, and 36, over which thesecuring means are adapted to be passed. By thus locating the securingmeans, the eye is effectually prevented fromtilting, and two points ofattachment are found to be amply sufficient.

From the above description, it will be apparent that the ends of theloops 6, 6, and 24, 24, terminate at points adjacent the tongue or bill,but are spaced therefrom, sufficiently to form receiving pockets for theloop of the eye. These pockets permit of the free movement of the eyerelative to the hooks, while the inner side members of the anchorageloops serve to retain the eye on the hook.

The loop 31, is bent up in the middle similarly to loop 11, as may beclearly seen in Fig. II. The hook 20, and eye 30, cannot be disengagedwhen moved relatively to one another so as to bring the full effectivewidth of the loop31, into play. If, however, they are tilted sidewise,as shown in Fig. III, and then moved relatively to one another, they maybe disengaged. The explanation of this is as follows: When the hook and7 eye are in the position shown in Fig. IV,

that is, when the effective width of the loop 31, is transverse to thelongitudinal axis of the hook 20, the under side of the loop 31, at thepoints 37, 38, strikes against the inner curved ends 25, 25, of theanchorage loops 22, 22, while the upper side of the loop, at the point39, strikes against the under side of the bill 21, thus preventingdisengagement of the hook and eye. If, now, the eye is tilted sidewise,as shown in Fig. III, the result will be, in effect, to foreshorten theeffective width of the loop 31, and the points 37, 38, can pass by thecurved ends 25, 25, and the end 39, of this loop is moved downward asthe sides thereof slide along the bill 21. It will be noted that thebill receiving loops 11, and 31, of the eyes 10, and 30, respectively,are alike and consequently either form of hook 1, or 20, may be usedwith either form of eye.

Heretofore great trouble has been experienced by the tilting of hooksand eyes unless secured at several places. As a result of my inventionit will be seen that the necessity of securing a hook or eye to agarment or other support, at more than two places, has been overcome andthe attendant inconvenience and expense thereby lessened.

I claim The combination of a hook member formed of rigid wire bent toform a central tongue, and anchorage loops, the ends of said anchorageloops terminating at points adjacent the base of the tongue, but spacedtherefrom, so as to form receiving pockets for the loop of an eye, andan eye member formed of rigid wire bent to form a loop, the outsidediameter of which is greater than the distance between the anchorageloops, said central tongue being bent inwardly on a line with the endsof the anchorage loops, In testimony whereof, I have hereunto wherebysaid eye can be released from the signed my name, at Philadelphia,Pennsylpockets only by tilting the same, so as to Vania, this 11th dayof March 1907.

release first one side and then the other of CLARA B. PATTERSON. saideye when the eye is placed in a plane Vitnesses:

substantially at right angles to the center JAMES H. BELL,

line of the tongue. E. L. FULLERTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C."

